Question 1 Why does author Peniel Joseph characterize Malcolm X’s critique of American racism as similar to a “prosecuting attorney” building a legal case? Answer Malcolm X methodically cited history to outline America’s longstanding patterns of racial injustice with impunity. Malcolm X used fiery rhetoric and threats to pressure White leaders into accepting civil rights reforms. Malcolm X tried to convince White Americans of the shared humanity and dignity of Black citizens. Malcolm X argued that Black Americans should indict the US government through armed revolt and militant resistance.