History Resources

Benjamin Franklin, Spain, and the Independence of the United States

Essay

Thomas E. Chávez

The Spanish Siege of Pensacola

Essay

Kathleen DuVal

The Declaration of Independence: America’s Call to Arms to Spain and France

Essay

Larrie D. Ferreiro

Inside the Vault: The Reynolds Pamphlet

Video

Government and Civics

9, 10, 11, 12, 13+

Spain’s Black Militias in the American Revolution

Essay

Jane Landers

Felicitas St. Maxent, Wife of Bernardo de Gálvez: From French New Orleans Belle to Exiled Spanish Dowager Countess

Essay

Gonzalo M. Quintero Saravia

From the Editor

Essay

Carol Berkin

Drew Gilpin Faust - "Necessary Trouble: Growing Up at Midcentury"

Literature

United States Citizenship Exam - Full Test

Curriculum

Citizenship Exam - Ten Questions

Curriculum