77 items
Reading 1 I do not . . . hesitate to avow before this House and the country, and in the presence of the living God, that if by your legislation you seek to drive us from the territories of California and New Mexico, purchased by the...
Guided Readings: Secession and the Civil War
Reading 1 The leaders and oracles of the most powerful party in the United States have denounced us as tyrants and unprincipled heathens through the whole civilized world. They have preached it from their pulpits. They have declared...
Lincoln and Presidential Power
Introduction When Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States in 1860, his experience in politics and government included serving in the Illinois legislature and the US House of Representatives. He had also studied law...
Abraham Lincoln: A Man for All Seasons
Overview At one time in our country’s history we stood divided as a nation over the issue of slavery. It was Abraham Lincoln’s ideology and sense of purpose that helped to unite our country and set us on a path toward realizing the...
Lincoln speech on slavery and the American Dream, 1858
Through the 1830s and 1840s, Abraham Lincoln’s primary political focus was on economic issues. However, the escalating debate over slavery in the 1850s, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act in particular, compelled Lincoln to change his...
"The whole land is full of blood," 1851
"The whole land is full of blood." These ominous words were uttered by James W. C. Pennington, a former slave and noted abolitionist, in the wake of Thomas Sims’s infamous trial. Sims had escaped from slavery in Georgia before being...
A proposed Thirteenth Amendment to prevent secession, 1861
In the wake of the presidential election of 1860 that brought Abraham Lincoln to the White House, the slaveholding states of the American South, led by South Carolina, began withdrawing from the nation. In the midst of this...
Presidential Election Results, 1789–2020
Introduction The Electoral College consists of 538 electors, who are representatives typically chosen by the candidate’s political party, though some state laws differ. Each state’s number of electors is based on its congressional...
Runaway slave ad, 1860
Runaway slave ads were a reality in America as long as slavery existed. Appearing as broadsides and in newspapers, such ads offered monetary rewards from slaveholders for the capture and return of escaped slaves. On May 9, 1860, Enoch...
Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address
Unit Objective This lesson on Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address is part of Gilder Lehrman’s series of Common Core–based units. These units were written to enable students to understand, summarize, and analyze original texts...
"Bleeding Kansas" and the Pottawatomie Massacre, 1856
In 1854, the Kansas-Nebraska Act overturned the Missouri Compromise, which stated that slavery would not be allowed north of latitude 36°30′. Instead, settlers would use the principle of popular sovereignty and vote to determine...
Patriotic Postal Covers: "Lincoln & Davis in 5 Rounds," 1861
Patriotic postal covers are an important part of the material culture of the Civil War era. People often collected these covers in special keepsake albums. Such decorative envelopes were used as advertisements and to promote various...
"To give all a chance": Lincoln, Abolition, and Economic Freedom
To read carefully the Lincoln economic parable of the ant (reprinted here) suggests a lost truth about our sixteenth president: during most of Abraham Lincoln’s political career he focused not on anti-slavery but on economic policy....
Inside the Vault: Abraham Lincoln
Originally broadcast on November 12, 2020, this session of Inside the Vault: Highlights from the Gilder Lehrman Collection explores Gilder Lehrman Collection materials relating to the life of Abraham Lincoln, both before and after he...
Fergus M. Bordewich - "Klan War: Ulysses S. Grant and the Battle to Save Reconstruction"
Fergus M. Bordewich is the author of eight highly praised previous books, including Congress at War: How Republican Reformers Fought the Civil War, Defied Lincoln, Ended Slavery, and Remade America . Order Klan War at the Gilder...
Alan Taylor - "American Civil Wars: A Continental History, 1850-1873"
Alan Taylor is the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation Professor of History at the University of Virginia. Order American Civil Wars at the Gilder Lehrman Book Shop We receive an affiliate commission from every purchase through the...
John Brown, Abolitionist: The Man Who Killed Slavery, Sparked the Civil War, and Seeded Civil Rights
War between Neighbors: The Coming of the Civil War
Edward L. Ayers is Dean of the College and Graduate School of Arts and Sciences at the University of Virginia where he is also the Hugh P. Kelly Professor of History. Here he looks at the Civil War’s impact on the lives of people in...
Lincoln at Cooper Union
Author Harold Holzer discusses his book, Lincoln at Cooper Union: The Speech That Made Abraham Lincoln President.
A Teacher’s Tour of Ford’s Theatre
Historian Matthew Pinsker (Dickinson College) leads a tour of Ford’s Theatre campus, including the main building, the Petersen House, and the Center for Education and Leadership, to explore how history teachers can use the site’s...
What Would Lincoln Do? How Lincoln’s Legacy is Used and Abused in Today’s Washington
During the partial government shutdown of 2013, an expert panel of historians and policy analysts convened in Washington, DC, to discuss the presence of Abraham Lincoln’s legacy in contemporary politics.
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John Brown’s final speech, 1859
On Sunday evening, October 16, 1859, radical abolitionist John Brown led a party of twenty-one men into the town of Harpers Ferry, Virginia, with the intention of seizing the federal arsenal there. Encountering no resistance, Brown’s...
President Lincoln’s First Inaugural Address, 1861
On March 4, 1861, the day Abraham Lincoln was first sworn into office as President of the United States, the Chicago Tribune printed this special pamphlet of his First Inaugural Address. In the address, the new president appealed to...
The Union Is Dissolved!, 1860
The election of Abraham Lincoln as the sixteenth president of the United States in November 1860 led to the eventual secession of eleven slave-holding states and the formation of the Confederacy. Convinced that the federal government...
The "House Divided" Speech, ca. 1857–1858
By 1850, the extension of slavery into the new territories won through the Mexican-American War of 1846–1848 provided a testing ground for competing visions of America. The passage of the Fugitive Slave Law in 1850 and the Kansas...
Best friends divided by the Civil War, 1861
On April 12, 1861, Confederate officials informed Major Robert Anderson, US commander at Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, that they would allow one hour for him to surrender his forces. When he refused, Confederates...
Eric Foner - "The Second Founding: How the Civil War and Reconstruction Made the Constitution"
Eric Foner is the DeWitt Clinton Professor Emeritus of History at Columbia University. Order The Second Founding at the Gilder Lehrman Book Shop We receive an affiliate commission from every purchase through the link provided. Thank...
Elizabeth Varon - "Armies of Deliverance: A New History of the Civil War"
Elizabeth Varon is the Langbourne M. Williams Professor of American History and the associate director of the John L. Nau III Center for Civil War History at the University of Virginia. Order Armies of Deliverance at the Gilder...
David S. Reynolds - "Abe: Abraham Lincoln in His Times"
David S. Reynolds is a distinguished professor of English and History at The Graduate Center, CUNY Order Abe at the Gilder Lehrman Book Shop We receive an affiliate commission from every purchase through the link provided. Thank you...
Adrian Brettle - "Colossal Ambitions: Confederate Planning for a Post-Civil War World"
Order Colossal Ambitions at the Gilder Lehrman Book Shop We receive an affiliate commission from every purchase through the link provided. Thank you for supporting our programs!
Allen C. Guelzo - "Robert E. Lee: A Life"
Order Robert E. Lee: A Life at the Gilder Lehrman Book Shop We receive an affiliate commission from every purchase through the link provided. Thank you for supporting our programs!
John Avlon - "Lincoln and the Fight for Peace"
John Avlon is a senior political analyst and anchor at CNN. Order Lincoln and the Fight for Peace at the Gilder Lehrman Book Shop We receive an affiliate commission from every purchase through the link provided. Thank you for...
David Eltis - "Atlas of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade"
David Eltis is the Robert W. Woodruff Professor Emeritus of History at Emory University. Order Atlas of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade at the Gilder Lehrman Book Shop We receive an affiliate commission from every purchase through the...
Robert W. Lee - "A Sin by Any Other Name: Reckoning with Racism and the Heritage of the South"
Robert W. Lee is an author, activist, commentator, and clergyman. Order A Sin by Any Other Name at the Gilder Lehrman Book Shop We receive an affiliate commission from every purchase through the link provided. Thank you for...
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