23 October 1786

Knox, Henry, 1750-1806

Autograph letter

Title: to George Washington

Writes that he hopes to be able to visit General Washington at Mount Vernon soon. Is convinced of the General's affection for him and feels sure that his limited correspondence will not be misconstrued; is aware that responding to too many letters can be difficult, and he has been traveling to and from Massachusetts on both public and private business, which has prevented him from writing. Argues that the political system currently in place is inadequate: "The powers of Congress are utterly inadequate to preserve the balance between the respective States, and oblige them to do those things…

GLC02437.03319

December 21, 1786

Knox, Henry, 1750-1806

Manuscript letter

Title: to George Washington

Writes, "The insurgents who were assembled at Worcester in Massachusetts have disbanded- The people at Boston seem to be glad at this event and say it was the effect of fear- But the fact is that the insurgents effected their object, which was to prevent the Court of Common Pleas from proceeding to business. It is probable that the seizing some of the insurgents at Middlesex occasioned a greater number of them to assemble at Worcester than otherwise would have assembled merely on Account of preventing the common Pleas." Adds that it appears that the government planned to bring the…

GLC02437.03385

January 14, 1788

Knox, Henry, 1750-1806

Autograph letter signed

Title: to George Washington

Knox updates Washington on various state conventions meeting to decide on ratification of the United States Constitution. Writes, "The new Constitution has hitherto been as well received as could have been expected considering the various existing opinions prejudices and parties in the respective states." Reports that Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Connecticut have all voted in favor of ratification. Mentions Jeremiah and James Wadsworth, both part of the Connecticut convention. Thinks Connecticut's decision to ratify will influence the Massachusetts convention (Massachusetts…

GLC02437.03762

22 October 1786

Knox, Henry, 1750-1806

Autograph letter

Title: to James Bowdoin

Writes that he will receive by this post the act of Congress authorizing an additional 700 troops in the Ohio frontier, where the troops there are suffering attacks from local Indians. Reports that Congress has called for the states to pay into the treasury by June of the following year, but that they need money more quickly than that if they want to support the troops already in service and augment the force as well. Hopes that the wealthier men in Boston will agree to help support the government and that they can work out a measure in which they will be "confident of security, and a speedy…

GLC02437.03315

20 November 1786

Knox, Henry, 1750-1806

Autograph letter signed

Title: to James Bowdoin

Introduces Captain [possibly Jeremiah or Constant] Freeman as a worthy artillery soldier who served under Knox during the previous war. Recommends him for service in the Massachusetts line currently being raised.

GLC02437.03341

22 November 1786

Knox, Henry, 1750-1806

Manuscript letter

Title: to the Board of Treasury

Marked "copy." Written from the "War Office," likely in New York City during this period. Writes that his past agitations on behalf of payment for troops should convince them of his interest in providing for the public good. Believes that "the defective compliance of most of the States with the requisitions of Congress has been the Sole cause which has prevented better payments." Therefore, has conferred with Mr. Robert Morris and Mr. Jeremiah Wadsworth "in hopes that the public might derive substantial assistance from the great credit and monied influence of those gentlemen." Hopes that…

GLC02437.03342

25 November 1786

Knox, Henry, 1750-1806

Autograph letter signed

Title: to [John] Ashley

Thanks him for last month's letter. Asks him if he can provide any information from his quarter, and would be obliged by a letter from him when possible. Docket reads "To Mr Ashley Springfield -"

GLC02437.03348

November 1786

Knox, Henry, 1750-1806

Autograph document

Title: [Additional sources of funding for supplying troops]

Docket reads, "Some minutes of additional funds which might be pledged for a loan, or contract for supplying the troops." Lists various sources of funding, and the amounts he might be able to acquire through these sources.

GLC02437.03359

13 December 1786

Bruce, Stephen, ?-1801

Manuscript letter signed

Title: to Henry Knox

Bruce, apparently a merchant, writes to Knox to discuss a contract for supplying the troops in the Boston area. Has been working with General [Henry] Jackson and Colonel [Benjamin] Hichborn, providing them with necessary supplies. Includes terms for a potential contract to work as an official supplier.

GLC02437.03374

14 December 1786

Bowdoin, James, 1726-1790

Manuscript letter

Title: to William Shepard

Thanks him for the intelligence provided by his last two letters. Says that the last of the letters was received by "your confidential Friend Major Shepard," and he has talked with him extensively about the matters contained therein. Writes that the Council will meet on 20 December, "when the means of effectually suppressing the Insurgents will be taken into serious consideration." Will hear from him on the subject as Shepard may have an active part in the situation. Asks for his ideas on the best plan for that purpose, from start to finish: "Beginning with the support of the Worcester…

GLC02437.03378

15 December 1786

Knox, Henry, 1750-1806

Autograph letter

Title: to James Bowdoin

Writes, "Major [Winthrop] Sargent will have the honor to deliver your Excellency this letter. Although his dispositions are military, yet he finds himself constrained on consideration of his former rank to decline the appointment to a company of Artillery with which your Excellency lately favored him. But as it is possible that the commotions which now exist in Massachusetts may demand the services of every friend of good governt he will with great zeal render every service in his power to check the progress of rebellion." Recommends him as an excellent officer.

GLC02437.03380

1786

Manuscript document

Title: [List of officers appointed under General Henry Jackson]

Date added later in pencil. List of officers appointed under General Henry Jackson. Officers are sorted by rank, and include Majors William Hull, William North, and E. [possibly Elnathan] Haskell, as well as William Eustis as Surgeon.

GLC02437.03404

7 January 1787

Bruce, Stephen, ?-1801

Manuscript letter signed

Title: to Henry Knox

Thanks him for his kind letter. Declares that before he received it, he "had been inform'd of the negociations taking place between the board of Treasury, and [Messrs Robert] Morris & [Jeremiah] Wadsworth for the whole supplies of the Troops, and had accordingly wrote those Gentlemen on the Subject, by our mutual friend Colo. [James] Swan: who was immediately bound to New York." Writes that the proposition of Morris and Wadsworth "does at once preclude any kind of contract of mine with the Board - but as was hinted by you, I am still of opinion that I might be very servicable [sic] to…

GLC02437.03408

January 24- January 25, 1787

Lincoln, Benjamin, 1733-1810

Manuscript letter

Title: to James Bowdoin

Marked "copy" on docket. Describes in some detail the confrontations between his troops and the insurgents in Massachusetts, led by Daniel Shays. Reports that General [William] Shepard, who is also leading troops, is in a precarious position which it seems likely Shays's troops will attack. Describes how Generals [John] Brooks and [John] Paterson [Lincoln spells it "Patterson"] should position their troops to help stave off the attack. Asks Governor Bowdoin to forward this letter to General Brooks "the moment It comes to hand - no Time I think should be lost."

GLC02437.03422

January 27, 1787

Lincoln, Benjamin, 1733-1810

Manuscript letter

Title: to James Bowdoin

Written from Brookfield, likely in Massachusetts. Marked "copy." Relates how he led his troops to the aid of General Shepard. "Writes, Gen'l Sheppard expects hourly an attack by the whole force of the Insurgents:- Shays marched with the party under his immediate command, about as is said: one thousand yesterday afternoon at 4 o'clock to the front of the Magazine; General Sheppard sent an officer to him to warn him of his danger if he passed over a certain line, which was described; Shays laughed at the information & continued his march until he approached within a few yards of the line…

GLC02437.03425

January 28, 1787

Lincoln, Benjamin, 1733-1810

Manuscript letter

Title: to James Bowdoin

Marked "copy." Written from "Head Quarters Springfield." Reports on Shay and his supporters' situation. Relates that he and a number of other regiments arrived in Springfield the day before. Writes, "On my arrival I found, that Shays had taken post at a little village, six miles north of this, with the whole force under his [inserted: immediate] command, and that Day had taken post at West Springfield, & that he had fixed a guard at the ferry-house on the west side of the river. By this disposition, all communication, with the north & west in the usual paths were cut off." For a…

GLC02437.03427

14 July 1787

Breck, Samuel, 1747-1809

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Henry Knox

Briefly discusses events concerning mutual friends. Emphasizes his support for the idea of a stronger federal government. States, "I fully agree with you in the necessity of a National Government & hope that a system, in some measure resembling ours, will be adopted, which operating upon the large scale must, in a relative view, reduce the powers of each state to that of our Counties, such a government in my humble opinion would extend its authority over all these petty states & increase in the proportion as they are ... " Adds that a strong central government will help quash…

GLC02437.03604

31 July 1783

Brooks, David, 1756-1838

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Henry Knox

Written by Brooks as Assistant Clothier General to General Knox. Says that about 26 June when the troops marched from West Point for Philadelphia an order from Washington for 300 pairs of shoes for the 2nd Massachusetts Brigade and 2nd Massachusetts Regiment was sent out. Heard that they were to be delivered by Knox's order. Wants to know how many were delivered to each regiment and who received them so they can be properly accounted for. Wants a receipt written on the back of the order dispersing the shoes until he can get the proper vouchers. "Public service" written on address leaf with…

GLC02437.02353

9 November 1783

Knox, Henry, 1750-1806

Manuscript letter

Title: to Guy Carleton

Discusses the evacuation of British troops from New York City. Suggests that American forces take over the city as soon as Sir Guy Carleton and his men leave to prevent disorder and damage to the city. Requests that Carleton give him 5-6 days notice before pulling out. Written in the hand of, and signed for Knox by, Samuel Shaw, Knox's aide-de-camp.

GLC02437.02761

5 December 1855

Brown, John, 1800-1859

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Owen Brown

Brown discusses the free state struggle, and reports there are rumors of a free state man being murdered, and that it may lead to more violence. Says "We feel more, & more certain that Kansas will be a Free State." Also discusses family affairs, health, and his plan to stay in Kansas at least until spring. Bottom of the page and all of the second page are written by Samuel and Florilla Adair, with the end of their letter missing. They recount how the murder of the free state man happened, state that it is leading to war, and discuss the buildup of armed forces. The man murdered was…

GLC02454

January 17, 1861

Higginson, Thomas W., 1823-1911

Autograph letter signed

Title: to unknown

Higginson, a militant abolitionist, discusses an upcoming meeting of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society: "About the defence of W. P. there is of course no question. All plans for the defence of the meeting must depend on the wish of the Society- they both may prefer to take non-resistant grounds, or rely on the police alone. And at any rate I am opposed to excusing the city & state authorities from the work which is their business. Only we should make such arrangements in advance as will protect the meeting if they do not." W. P. refers to abolitionist Wendell Phillips.

GLC02448.07

26 December 1786

Washington, George, 1732-1799

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Henry Knox

Lamenting Shays' Rebellion, writes "I feel, my dear Genl. Knox, infinitely more than I can express to you, for the disorders which have arisen in these States. Good God! who besides a tory could have foreseen, or a Briton predicted them!" Alludes to "combustibles in every State, which a spark might set fire to." Notes that Virginia is (at the moment) calm, but worries over disputes regarding navigation of the Mississippi. Discusses an amendment to the existing Constitution regarding paper emissions and military certificates. Expresses sadness regarding the recent death of General…

GLC02437.09409

February 3, 1787

Washington, George, 1732-1799

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Henry Knox

Refers to the constitutional rights of Massachusetts. Also discusses insurgents in that state (Shays' Rebellion was losing momentum). Relates in confidence that he does not want to go to the Constitutional Convention (to be held in Philadelphia) but that convention organizers have included him and implored him not to make a final decision regarding whether or not he will attend. Admits that "powers are wanting" in government, but takes a pessimistic view, wondering how such powers shall be derived. Comments that Knox's opinion, to build a central national government, is energetic and…

GLC02437.09410

February 25, 1787

Washington, George, 1732-1799

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Henry Knox

Thanks Knox for several letters, which put his mind at ease regarding General Benjamin Lincoln's military operations (Lincoln led the Massachusetts state militia in Shays' Rebellion) and the dignity of Government. Congratulates Knox on the recent suppression of Shays' Rebellion. Comments that Shays is "either a weak man - the dupe of some characters who are yet behind the curtain - or has been deceived by his followers." Reports the adjournment of the Assembly of Maryland regarding issuance of a paper emission. Wishes to see the country happy and at peace while "gliding down the stream of…

GLC02437.09411

8 August 1794

Washington, George, 1732-1799

Autograph letter signed

Title: to Henry Knox

Marked 'private' by George Washington at the top of page one. Discusses an insurrection (the Whiskey Rebellion) and mentions a letter from [Attorney General William] Bradford concerning Colonel [John] Neville and Major [David] Lenox (the federal inspector and U.S. marshal, respectively, who had fled the area of disturbance in western Pennsylvania). Based on the new information, gives consent to Knox to absent himself from government to manage affairs on his plantation in frontier Maine.

GLC02437.09429