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[Appointment of David Humphreys Commissioner Plenipotentiary for Algiers treaty]

President George Washington's Commission of Humphreys to negotiate a treaty of amity and commerce with Tripoli. Countersigned by Sec. of State Edmund Randolph. Features paper seal, image visible on verso. Docket on verso reads "To the Most...

GLC03196

to Hamet Karamanli

Eaton, United States Naval Agent to the Barbary States, informs Hamet Karamanli, deposed Bashaw of Tripoli, that the United States officially supports Eaton's previous promise of assistance to reinstate Hamet to the throne. Declares that "America is...

GLC03367

Boston gazette. [Vol. 17, no. 42 (Jan. 21, 1805) - v. 19, no. 35 (Dec. 30 1805)]

In addition to regular news items like reports from the American states, the Massachusetts legislature, the Congress of the United States, and foreign intelligence, the newspaper features articles on the nomination and re-election of Governor Caleb...

GLC03379

Account of Robert Livingston

Record of Livingston's debt accrued between 11 March 1698 for the purchase of items including "broad cloth," "serge," "sugar loff," "kaggs of oyster," and "sail cloth" from Barbarie, in return for cash and deerskins. Some of the payments were made...

GLC03107.00429

to Robert Livingston re: news of the fleet, reports from England

Hunt writes of news from England and the fleet out at sea, claiming that Captain Kidd may be sent home. He mentions the naval action in conjunction with the Scots at Caladonia, and also enslaved people from Algeria. Docketed on address leaf.

GLC03107.00476

[in French]

Docketed: Documents relating to a negotiation with the Bashaw of Tripoli.

GLC02794.048

to Tobias Lear re: intention to sail for Algiers

Preble was the Captain of the "U.S.S. Constitution" and Commander of the U.S. Naval forces in the Mediterranean from 1803-1804. Docketed under the date in the upper-right hand corner.

GLC02794.054

to Commodore Morris re: controversy over American Consuls [in Italian]

Regarding the arrival of James Leander Cathcart, and controversial allegations against George Davis. Written in a clerk's hand, with clerical signature.

GLC02794.055

Extract of letter to James Madison re: Cathcart's allegations

Davis provides Madison with an account of his conversation with the Bey Sapatapa regarding Cathcart's allegations that Davis was no longer the recognized American Consul. With a copy of a letter from James Leander Cathcart, Consul at Tunis, to the...

GLC02794.056

to [Tobias] Lear re: journal entry arguing absurdity of British/French alliance

Signed: "T.M." Mountford presents extensive arguments against the report "that the French & English have formed an alliance for the reduction of all Barbary," arguing that the two nations are natural enemies, that the French do not need the aid of...

GLC02794.057

to Tobias Lear re: caring for pigeons

A detailed description of the care necessary for domesticated pigeons by Lear's secretary in Algiers. Docketed on first page.

GLC02794.058

to The Consul-Genl of the U.S.A. [Tobias Lear] re: Algerian protocol

Mountord, Lear's secretary in Algiers, describes proper treatment of servants required to ensure faithful, competent service. He mentions the necessity of a tough but fair attitude, adherance to titles and keeping social spheres separate. Mountford...

GLC02794.059

to Tobias Lear re: description of military situation in Algiers

Mountford writes that "in case of an attack on my own Garrison" he will most likely suffer because the people under his command are "sick," "Nobody," "willing-but-slow" and "Good for nothing." Yet he is cautiously opitmistic: "If I did . . . to...

GLC02794.060

to Tobias Lear re: "sad situation" and appeal for aid [in French]

Signed by various Portuguese officers: Ignacio Ser Cinto, Antonio [illegible], Dioge Ramireo Esquivel, Joao Jose Frz de Andrade, Joao dos Santos, Paulo Freire de Andrade, Joao Alfonso Veto, Jose Bernardo de Hacerda, Fr Bernardo Borges do Valle...

GLC02794.061

to General Forteguerra re: extract of letter requesting loan of gunboats

"In consequence of the situation of the City & harbour of Tripoli it is necessary, in order to carry on our operations against that Regency with the greatest effect, that we should have Bomb-vessels & Gun-boats."

GLC02794.062

to Tobias Lear re: assassination and expulsion of Jews from Algiers (pogrom)

An almost hour-by-hour description of the assassination of Napatili Busnach, Jewish Algerian government officer, and the expulsion and massacre of Jews in Algiers by the government. Mountford sends a report of activities in the city. "This morning...

GLC02794.063

to Samuel Barron re: Tripoli minister's desire to re-establish peace with U.S.

Nilsen was the Danish Consul to Tripoli. Commodore Barron was the commander of the U.S. Naval forces in the Mediterranean. "Sidi Muhamed Dghies is desirous of a peace and . . . his health and particularly the state of his eyes, will oblige him to...

GLC02794.064

to Tobias Lear re: attempted murder of Dey, and English/French relations

Mountford describes attempted assassination of the Dey of Algiers by four Turkish soldiers "each armed with two pistols, a Carbine & an atagon . . . . His attendants were at the distance of 60 yards & instantly ran to his assistance, and stoned to...

GLC02794.065

List of people on a Turkish ship captured by U.S. Commodore Preble

Notes number of people captured, including enslaved people owned by Turks and those being sent as presents. Also notes: "Two or three of the Black Slaves have died in the Castle at Syracuse." Note on p. 2: "A List of Prisoners."

GLC02794.066

to Tobias Lear re: appointment of Spanish Consul [in Italian]

Translation from Arabic. Docketed on a separate leaf: "Translation of the [illegible] of the Bashaw of Tripoli appointing Don Joseph Gerardo Louza Consul of Spain to Treaty of Peace at --[.]"

GLC02794.067

copy of letter to Samuel Barron re: naval situation in Mediterranean [in Italian]

Samuel Barron was the commander of American Naval forces in Mediterranean Sea. Marked "Copia" in the upper left-hand corner of the first page, with copy signature.

GLC02794.068

to Tobias Lear re: thanks for forwarded correspondence

Langford was the British Consul to Tripoli.

GLC02794.069

to Tobias Lear re: congratulations on peace treaty

"I am . . . to congratulate you on the happy restoration of the Peace between your Country, the United States of America, and His Excellency the Bashaw of Tripoli." Langford was the British Consul to Tripoli.

GLC02794.072

Wrapper separated from its letter

Bears two inscriptions: "Correspondence with His Excelly the Bey of Tunis." "Copy of a Letter from the President of the U. States to the Bey of Tunis," without the letter enclosed.

GLC02794.074

to Hamuda Bassa re: introduction as American Consul

Written aboard the "U.S.S. Constitution." Draft copy of letter with edits. "[T]he honor of presenting myself to your Excellency In the purpose of fulfilling the President's wishes."

GLC02794.075