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Proclamation, by Andrew Jackson, President of the United States.

Attacks South Carolina's plans of nullification, warns that "disunion by armed force is treason," and threatens harsh punishment. In 1832, South Carolina claimed that it had the right as a state to nullify federal law, in particular the federal...

GLC01895

President's message

An Extra of the Hartford Times, reporting from telegraph the text of Jackson's first State of the Union. The address discusses what will be many of the major issues during his Presidency. Discusses removal of Native Americans, questions the...

GLC02009

Election poster with prominent Americans.

"Wellington's Invincibles: Jackson at New Orleans/Adams at Ghent" Election poster with prominent Americans.

GLC08317

First printing of first inaugural address.

GLC08354

to E. B. Penrose

Declines an invitation to attend militia training, praises American militia: "Please assure my fellow citizens of that division that I look with delight upon every step taken to improve the disapline of our militia, and if my duties did not prevent...

GLC05270

to Wilson Lumpkin

Responds to a part of a speech given by Lumpkin, a Georgia congressman, dealing with Indian tribes east of the Mississippi. Contends that Indians "can only be perpetuated as tribes, or nations, by concentrating them west of the Mississippi upon...

GLC05695

to Carey A. Harris

Appoints Harris as interim Secretary of War "during the temporary absence of the Secretary fir that Department."

GLC05722.01

to Lewis Cass

Calling captains back to their companies. Written in the third person. Pencil note added later identifies recipient as Carey A. Harris, which is incorrect.

GLC05722.02

to Carey A. Harris re: criticizing paying John Ross to attend Congress

Written in the third person. "If Mr. Bell had been as attentive to the pay of the volunteers as he was to John Ross & others to have them paid for attending Congress & opposing the treaty the appropriation would have been made as required."

GLC05722.03

to Carey A. Harris re: interpretation of 14th Sect. of Choctaw Treaty

Asking Harris to bring Samuel Gorman's letter regarding Choctaw Treaty. Written in the third person.

GLC05722.04

to George Pessenger and William P. Varian

Thanking Pessenger and William P. Varian as representatives of the Democratic Electors of New York's Eleventh Ward for a side of beef, which Jackson says gives him as great if not greater pleasure than many fancier gifts. Pessenger and William P...

GLC06204

[Patent for Enoch Honeywell's improvement, entitled the Water Elevator]

Signed by Jackson as President. Countersigned by Martin Van Buren as Secretary of State and John MacPherson Berrien as Attorney General. Honeywell's description of his invention is signed by F. R. Mudge and Marcellus Weston as witnesses. Contains...

GLC06279

to William H. Ellis

Written six days before the end of his second term as president. Jackson "Hopes he has administered the government to the approbation of the Democratic Republicans...The only desire I have now is, to see my beloved country prosperous and happy."...

GLC06321

[Patent for Stephen H. Long's improvement in the construction of boilers or steam generators, and of wheels for locomotive steam engines]

Signed by Jackson as President. Countersigned by Edward Livingston as Secretary of State and Roger Brooke Taney as Attorney General. Contains a seal and yellow ribbon.

GLC06367

[Patent for Charles Richardson's improvement in blacksmith's cast iron hollow forge backs]

Signed by Jackson as President. Countersigned by John Forsyth as Secretary of State and Benjamin Franklin Butler as Attorney General. Richardson's written description of his improvement is signed by Albert and Cyrus Richardson as witnesses....

GLC06418.01

to E. D. Williams, O. Jones, William Butler, Moses Dawson and others

Declines a dinner invitation from a group of supporters in Cincinnati because of his health, but hopes to spend a day there to thank "the intelligent, the virtuous, the disinterested Democrats and Patriots" of that city.

GLC06617

Patent for Timothy Taylor for improvement in fastening names on horse collars

Countersigned by John Forsyth. Orange seal; tied with green ribbon.

GLC06693

President's Message. First address to Congress [on silk]

GLC06747

U.S. Telegraph Extra. Annual address to Congress

GLC06778

to James W. Breedlove

Jackson believes Clay is the author of "The Kentuckian on Martial Law". "Can anyone doubt but that Clay is.... 'Behind' ....This dirty, unmanly, and unjust proceeding?" A pencil note on p. 3 "in relation to my asking to be named as Coll[ector]" (see...

GLC06789.06

to James W. Breedlove

"....I think St. Anna has too much wisdom not to treat these men as prisoners of war, as any other course would arouse the whole civilised world against such barbarity...."

GLC06789.09

Pardon of Leonard Prather (c/s John Forsyth)

Convicted of stealing money from letters as assistant postmaster

GLC06868.01

Jefferson Celebration, Washington Hall

Pro-Jackson propaganda celebrating "The Genuine Democratic Party". Date in pen at top "14 April 1834."

GLC07040

to Thomas J. Donelson

Discusses the duties Donelson, Jackson's nephew, will be responsible for when he visits the Hermitage, Jackson's home in Hermitage, Tennessee.

GLC00496.035

to Emma Y. Donelson

Written primarily by Sarah Yorke Jackson. Discusses family, mutual friends, and the president's declining health in detail. Andrew Jackson adds postscript notes regarding his health and the inheritance Emma should receive for caring for her aging...

GLC00496.036

to George Gibson

An appeal to Gibson for an increase in the salary of the indebted Captain Thornton, who Jackson assures is an excellent officer.

GLC00519

to James T. Armstrong

Advice to West Point Cadet James Trooper Armstrong concerning studies and subordination. He hopes that Armstrong will follow after his father General Robert Armstrong, and his grandfather, John Armstrong Jr.

GLC00520

to Rachel Jackson

Informs his wife that he has returned "from the junction of the Coosee and Tallapoosee" and that "The Creeks are conquered, some submitting unconditionally, and other whose crimes are great flying towards Pensacola." Outlines his travel plans before...

GLC00522

to William H. Crawford

Reports to Secretary of War Crawford on examining forts in the south. Sends a letter from General Smith (not included) "communicating the probability of an Indian War, and the previous arrangements necessary to meet such disturbances. Discusses...

GLC00523

to Hardy M. Cryer

States that he wishes to visit Cryer and his old friends in Sumner County, but does not want any parades or "speech making." With the Presidential Election fast approaching, Jackson is taking much criticism, and does not want to attract more, so asks...

GLC00524

to Alice Egerton

Andrew Jackson responds to Alice Egerton's request for a lock of hair, and praises her piety. Accompanied by an engraved portrait of Jackson with a lock of his white hair.

GLC00548.01

to Alice Egerton

An engraved portrait of Jackson with lock of his white hair.

GLC00548.02

to John C. Calhoun

One letter from by Major General Andrew Jackson to John C. Calhoun, Secretary of War dated April 27, 1820. Jackson notes that he is sending documents (not included) from General Gaines related to the illegal enslavement of Black people and freed...

GLC00639.13

to John Sevier

Jackson explains that he will soon send a letter concerning the strength of his brigades. He has been delayed in doing so because one of his commanders has been late in filling his returns. He assures Sevier that if he does not receive a response...

GLC01060

to Abner Lawson Duncan

Jackson asks Duncan to introduce Glossel to "the citizens of New Orleans, and particularly those who shared with me the dangers of the defense of New Orleans," and specifically Major Grimes. Major Glossel, Jackson's aide-de-camp, is passing through...

GLC01108

to Amos Kendall

Jackson opposes the post office's removal of express mail service to Montgomery, Alabama. He argues that the regular mail takes far too long to reach into the Deep South, and that without express mail the region, and most importantly New Orleans...

GLC01155

to Charles Lynch

Letter in the hand of Andrew Jackson Donelson, President Jackson' s nephew and amanuensis. He penned the entire letter and signature. Jackson denies Texas U.S. aid because of neutrality. In the letter, he mentions countermanding order for troops to...

GLC01165

to Morven M. Jones

Written as former president. Jackson argues that Polk adheres to "Jeffersonian democracy" which makes him an acceptable alternative candidate to Martin Van Buren (who had been defeated for re-election in 1840). He sees Polk's nomination assured...

GLC01166

Pardon of William Goss (c/s Edward Livingston)

Convicted of gambling. Pardoned because he was unable to pay the fine and was now "a steady and peaceable citizen."

GLC07193

[Patent for Nathan Currier's improvements in a machine designed to excavate and remove earth]

Signed by Jackson as President. Countersigned by [Adam?] Birkins as Acting Secretary of State, and Benjamin Franklin Butler as Attorney General. Sealed and bound with mauve ribbon.

GLC07327

to David Holmes

Informs Mississippi Territory's Governor Holmes that on 2 November 1813, General John Coffee attacked the Creek Indians at Tallaseehatchee in upper Alabama, killing 186 warriors and taking 86 women and children prisoners. Concludes: "If I had...

GLC07371

To the Cherokee Tribe of Indians East of the Mississippi [circular] [removal]

Printed circular letter. "I have no motive, my friends, to deceive you...circumstances that cannot be controlled, and which are beyond the reach of human laws, render it impossible that you can flourish in the midst of a civilized community. You have...

GLC07377

to John C. Calhoun

The war against the Seminole Indians. "I have deemed it advisable to call into service... two companies of rangers ...with instructions to scour the country... exterminating every hostile party who dare... not surrender & remove their families above...

GLC07378

[Retained clerical copy of a treaty between the United States and the Ottawa Indians]

Manuscript copy of the treaty made on 18 February 1833 between the Ottawa chiefs "residing on the Indian Reserves on the Miami of Lake Erie" and George B. Porter, the United States commissioner. Outlines the cession of Ottawa land in Ohio, the...

GLC07392

Patent for Simeon Heath for improvements in the process of tanning

Countersigned by John Forsyth and B. F. Butler.

GLC07426

Patent to Oliver Teal for excavating earth underwater (c/s Van Buren)

"New and useful...machine for excavating earth under water, called Teal's invented metallic scraper." Countersigned by Martin Van Buren as Attorney General. With green ribbon and seal.

GLC07506

Patent granted for improvements in horsepower

Much of the text has faded and was overwritten with blue ink. Tied with pink ribbon.

GLC07569

Patent issued to Ephraim Gilbert for the construction of gun locks

Countersigned by Martin Van Buren. On parchment, with red ribbon.

GLC07585

Patent issued to Gould Thorp for inventing an improvement to the cooking stove

GLC07718

Authorization for Richard Rush to prosecute claim to the Smithsonian bequest

GLC07787

to T. Grover et. al.

Jackson refuses to send a copy of a letter in which he describes his feelings of Pennsylvania Governor Wolf on the grounds that doing so would interfere with a state election, and thus goes against his personal beliefs.

GLC07902

to Joseph Conn Guild

"It is true in politics as in morals, that those who are not for us are against ... I have long believed, that it was only by preserving the identity of the Republican party, as embodied and chracterised by the principles of Mr. Jefferson that the...

GLC07986

to James Kirke Paulding

Vowing to destroy second bank of the United States.

GLC08083

to Benjamin P. Butler.

To the Attorney General; blaming the banks for the Panic of 1837: "The connection of banks with the government I have considered more dangerous to liberty than the union of church and state."

GLC08084

to William Rabun

Andrew Jackson asks that Rabun, governor of Georgia, arrest Captain Obediah Wright for murder. Wright had destroyed a Chehaw village and murdered several of its inhabitants, while many of its members were aiding him in his expedition against the...

GLC00782.11.01

to John M. Davis

A clerical copy of Jackson's letter to Davis in which he deals with the aftermath of the Chehaw Affair. He orders Davis to send a "talk to Kinnard with instructions to explain the substance to the Chehaw Warriors." Also orders him to arrest Obediah...

GLC00782.11.05

to Levi Woodbury

The letter is introducing Henry Lee to the recipient, and requesting that Woodbury offer any possible assistance on his research of a recent war.

GLC00801

[Pardon of Richard W. Davis for cruelly and inhumanly beating a Negro in Georgetown].

Countersigned by Acting Secretary of State Asbury Dinkins. Pardoned by Jackson after serving his one-month prison sentence because Davis was unable to pay a fine of $10 and court costs, and on the recommendation of the judge and the district...

GLC04211

[Remitture of the forfeiture of the sloop Nun to master Winthop S. Baker, whose ship was siezed for importing slaves].

Countersigned by Secretary of State Martin Van Buren. The sloop Nun was seized in the territory of Florida. Jackson, in consideration of the premises, "divers other good and sufficient reasons," and on payment of costs, orders remission of the...

GLC04469

to Edward G. W. Butler

Written before his inauguration, Jackson declines an invitation which his "public duties will not now allow me to indulge." Instead he must find his relief in the "activity and importance of the situation to which the country has called me."...

GLC04675.11

[Draft of Jackson's seventh and final address to Congress]

Written in the hand of Andrew Jackson Donelson, the President's nephew. Page 68 is missing, typed transcript included.

GLC04793.01

to James A. Hamilton

Writing to James Hamilton, son of Alexander Hamilton, Jackson comments on the rush of official business at the height of the Nullification Crisis. Mentions that he heard from Hamilton's mother, wife of Alexander Hamilton, and is pleased that she is...

GLC05176

[Patent for Otis Tufts' improvement in the power printing press]

Signed by Andrew Jackson as President. Countersigned by John Forsyth as Secretary of State and Benjamin Franklin Butler as Attorney General. Tufts' written description of his improvement is signed by Robert Henry Eddy and possibly Caleb Babbit as...

GLC05183

to William B. Lewis

The letter mentions concern with supply problems to Lewis, who was quartermaster in Nashville, government inefficiency, the national debt and heavy taxes. Includes complaints of his own inactivity when his troops are needed in the Northwest, but will...

GLC00113

to John C. Calhoun

Writes to Secretary of War Calhoun about the removal of intruders on Cherokee land on the Georgia frontier. Reports on the intense opposition Captain R.K. Call has faced from white settlers. Forwards a letter from Call (not included) in which he...

GLC00114

to Edward B. Donelson

Tells his troublesome nephew to "hereafter never do an act of disobedience," and instead "pursue your education." Advises that this course is "the only way to make you a great and good man."

GLC00126

to James Monroe

Recommends Crittenden, acting Governor of the Arkansas Territory, to President Monroe for an unidentified post. Refers to an enclosed letter from Crittenden (not included).

GLC00266

to E. S. Johnson

Andrew Jackson replies to Johnson's letter, which informed him of the Democrat's victories in Massachusetts. He congratulates Johnson, and praises Massachusetts. Referring to Federalism and Whiggism in that state he writes, "We can now truly say that...

GLC00084

to Daniel T. Patterson

Written at Fort St. Marks

GLC07838

To: Amos Kendall.

Jackson states that as long as one looks to the land as their guide and keeps justice the "end in sight," they shall maintain the support of the people.

GLC07914

to Tilghman Ashurst Howard

Constitution, slavery, banking, methods of electing the President: "If I can...only succeed in banishing...corrupting influences...on the Constitution and [attempts] to make the government an engine of oppression to the people instead of the agent...

GLC07931

To: Robert Armstrong.

Jackson comes out strongly in favor of Texas annexation-laments failure of 3 Ohio Democrats to support annexation.

GLC07955

to Andrew Hynes

Battle at Fort Bowyer, Mobile Point [Ala.]: " A combined British and Spanish force, with 500 or 600 Indians made an attack by land and water on Fort Bowyer in Mobile Point, the battle was tremendous, and continued until about 12 OClock at night when...

GLC07983.01

To: Col. Andrew Haynes

Battle at Fort Bowyer, Mobile Point [Ala.]: "I stop the mail to state the glorious news, that Fort Bowyer is safe, the British and allies severely drubbed..."

GLC07983.02

to James Monroe

Five days after battle of New Orleans, criticizes delayed supplies:
"The want of them continues to expose me to great hazard. How unfortunate it is that our preparations are always so far behind the events that make them necessary!"

GLC07985

Last Will and Testament

Last Will and Testament. Jackson leaves a presentation sword to his son to use " In support of our glorious union and the constitutional rights of our beloved country" and various other swords to family members. With Secretarial copy of a subsequent...

GLC07987

To Andrew Jackson, Jr.

Sending doctors prognosis and treatment of Dicks daughter, Hanna, suffering from a hip-joint disease to his son [Andrew Jr.] in the hopes that her recovery can be speeded up by receiving the same successful treatment given by Doctors' Phesie & Harris...

GLC08028

to William B. Lewis

Requisitioning lead and powder prior to the Battle of New Orleans: "A few more attacks...will soon exhaust my supplies..."

GLC08252

to L. Jones

Cancelling a purchase of four young slaves on behalf of his adopted son, Andrew (Donelson) Jackson, Jr.: "If the negroes have not been bought and sent on…give yourself no further trouble on the subject.… I wish him now to attend to & manage his own...

GLC09288

to John Reid

Writes to Major Reid to inform him of the signing of the Treaty of Fort Jackson with Creek Indians. Describes the punitive measures of the agreement, which forced the Creek to cede twenty-two million acres of land. Discusses Reid's commission as a...

GLC07372

to William H. Crawford

Writes to Secretary of War Crawford to transmit Captain John Allen's muster roll (not included) of volunteers who helped protect Chickasaw Indian land from "Intruders," referring to white settlers.

GLC07374

to George Graham

"[T]his will ensure the removal of 19/20 of the whole Cherokee Nation." Docketed.

GLC07375

The General Jackson. [hand-colored lithograph]

Lithograph by Black Artist Jules Lion after the battle of New Orleans. Printed by d'Aubertet de Jurica (?).

GLC07438

to Eliza Farquahar re: arranging marriage between nephew and northern woman

GLC07464

to John C. Calhoun

Confusion over whether Jackson recieved funds from the Quarter Master General in excess of what he was owed. Jackson believes he was due all funds he recieved, and that if he has recieved too much, it must be due to a misunderstanding. "It has...

GLC08968

to Robert Hayes re: insubordination during Creek Indian wars

GLC07504.01

to Amos Kendall re: giving his deposition

"I lost no time, as far as my strength would permit to answer the interrogatories, and Judge Brown... was good enough to come up today & take my deposition."

GLC07504.02

to William Blount

"The enemy expect to overrun... Louisiana before a force can be collected to stop them...every exertion must be made to have by draft & voluntary servic[e] the whole in the field or rest assured all is lost and never will be regained but with oceans...

GLC07547

Journal of Choctaw Treaty of Doak's Stand with Jackson's accounts of treaty

Signed twice.

GLC07562.02

to Henry Sherburne re: Treaty with the Chickasaw Nation

"Funds have been transmitted you to carry into effect the treaty with the Chickasaw Nation of the 30th of December 1815, and also for the payment of the annuity due them under that treaty for 1817...." Sherburne, a Rhode Island native, was...

GLC07644

Draft response to notification of election as President

"I accept the office given me by the free & unbiased suffrage, of a virtuous people, with feelings of the highest gratitude."

GLC07657

to John Coffee

To John Coffee, General in the Tennessee state militia. During first year of his administration, Jackson forecasts his support for removal of the southeastern Indians, which would be made public in his message to Congress in 1830 and would result in...

GLC09361