Featured Primary Sources

Development of the West

Nothing can enrich and enliven our understanding of the nation’s past, or dispel apathy about it, more powerfully than primary sources. The primary sources below open up a variety of viewpoints and have been chosen by master teachers specifically for use in the classroom. Affiliate School members can print a packet that includes an image of the document, photograph, or other resource, a transcript where applicable, and text to place the document in historical context. Additionally, you may want to search the Gilder Lehrman Collection itself for other resources to enrich your lessons.

Horace Greeley to R. L. Sanderson, November 15, 1871 (Gilder Lehrman Collection)

Horace Greeley: “Go West,” 1871

Creator: Horace Greeley Curriculum Subjects: Grade Levels: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13+
George Custer, [Report on the Battle of Washita], December 22, 1868 (Gilder Lehr

Indian Wars: The Battle of Washita, 1868

Creator: George Custer Curriculum Subjects: Grade Levels: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13+
“High Bluff, Black Buttes,” from The Great West Illustrated by Andrew J. Russell

The Great West Illustrated, 1869

Creator: Andrew J. Russell Curriculum Subjects: Science, Technology, Engineering and Math Grade Levels:
William T. Sherman to David Douty Colton, September 26, 1878 (Gilder Lehrman Col

William T. Sherman on the western railroads, 1878

Creator: William Tecumseh Sherman Curriculum Subjects: Grade Levels: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13+

Primary Sources from Other Sub-Eras

America the Beautiful, signed by author Katharine Lee Bates, ca. 1925. (GLC)

America the Beautiful, 1893

Creator: Katharine Lee Bates Curriculum Subjects: Grade Levels:
The protectors of our industries, Gillam ; Mayer Merkel & Ottmann lithograph, NY

Anti-corporate cartoons, ca. 1900

Creator: Curriculum Subjects: Art, Economics, Government and Civics Grade Levels: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13+
Workingmen’s Party of California, “Chinatown declared a nuisance!” 1880

San Francisco’s Chinatown, 1880

Creator: Workingmen's Party of California Curriculum Subjects: Grade Levels: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13+