Europe first received tobacco from the Western Hemisphere, ca. 1555.
Louix XI created a unified kingdom in France by taking control of and uniting five rival provinces.
Islamic caravans travelled to West Africa; the African slave trade began, ca. 750.
Hernán Cortés arrived in the Western Hemisphere.
Tobacco was first exported from Virginia.
The modern slave trade originated as the Portuguese began importing slaves from West Africa to Europe and the Canary Islands.
Spain’s Pedro Menendez de Aviles founded St. Augustine in present-day Florida.
Sir Walter Raleigh received an English charter to establish colonies in eastern North America.
The first British colony, granted to Sir Walter Raleigh, was established on Roanoke Island. Most settlers returned to England in 1586, however, under threat of a Spanish raid. A few settlers remained to defend the settlement, but none survived.
The Dutch played an increasingly important role in the Atlantic slave trade, spurring the cultivation of sugar in the New World.